action potential
3 neurons
Why do neurons have myelin sheaths?
Insulation - much like the coating on the outside of electrical wires.
Increases the speed of transmissions across the axon.
The main purpose of myelin is to cover neuron cells so that it can conduct action potential more quickly
synapse
brain regions
sympathetic vs parasympathetic
somatic automatic?
Somatic means within your control. Autonomic means things that the body does automatically.
For example, you're driving in your car texting on your cell phone. You look up and there's a truck stopped right in front of you and you're about to rear-end it. You slam on your brakes. Immediately, your heart starts pounding, you breathe faster, and you may even begin to sweat. You did not consciously tel your body to do these actions, they were autonomic. That's actually the sympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system. Sympathetic speeds everything up. It's called the "Fight or Flight." The other part of the autonomic nervous system is the PARAsympathetic, which does the opposite, restores everything to a calm, called the "Rest and Digest."
Somatic is everything you intend to do- stick out your tongue, kick your leg, bend your arm, etc.
| Hormone | Target | Effect(s) |
| Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) | Adrenal glands | Stimulates the cortex of each adrenal gland to secrete its hormones |
| Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) | Thyroid gland | Stimulates the thyroid gland to secrete thyroid hormone |
| Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) | Ovaries, testes | Stimulates the ovaries to develop mature eggs; stimulates the testes to produce sperm |
| Luteinizing hormone (LH) | Ovaries, testes | Stimulates the ovaries and testes to secrete sex hormones; stimulates the ovaries to release eggs |
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